6. Wet-wipe the exterior of the cassettes to minimize contamination possibilities before taking them to the clean sample preparation facility. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Appropriate logs or records must be maintained by the analytical laboratory verifying that it is in compliance with the mandatory quality assurance procedures. 22. 2 per 10 200-mesh grid openings, check the system for possible sources of contamination. 3 is reached. These include the supplies used in the sampling operation, the performance of the sampling, the preparation of the grid from the filter and the actual examination of this grid in the microscope. 12. 3. e. Determine the suitability of the grid. The response action shall be considered complete if either: a. The lid is then placed on the Jaffe washer, and the system is allowed to stand for several hours, preferably overnight. Affix the filter section to the slide with a gummed paged reinforcement or other suitable means. a. iv. Official websites use .gov General. If this average is greater than 53 f/mm Groupings having more than 2 intersections are to be described as cluster or matrix. 4 0 obj Schools are required to notify parent-teacher organizations (such as PTAs) once a year about the availability of the schools asbestos management plan and asbestos-related activity taking place within the school. Groupings must have more than two intersections. 2 concentration. The EDXA detectors vary in both solid angle of detection and in window thickness. e. Place the slide in a petri dish which contains several paper filters soaked with 2 to 3 mL acetone. 4. <> iii. Separate categories will be maintained for fibers less than 5 m and for fibers greater than or equal to 5 m in length. 2 (nominally 10 200 mesh grid openings) and a maximum of 53 structures/mm Because plasma ashers vary greatly in their performance, both from unit to unit and between different positions in the asher chamber, it is difficult to specify the conditions that should be used. For a complete list of School Asbestos Management Plan Requirements, see the Asbestos-Containing Materials in Schools Rule. For this method the filter background level is defined as 70 structures/mm `%lT(|o(&bvrt(T7*}It. 2. Bundle - A structure composed of three or more fibers in a parallel arrangement with each fiber closer than one fiber diameter. 1. 190 The term is used here to denote a 200-mesh copper lattice approximately 3 mm in diameter. 1. 2. It has been found that many polycarbonate filters will not dissolve completely in the Jaffe washer, even after being exposed to chloroform for as long as 3 days. This unit is mandatory. See the following Figure 4: b. If less than 1,199 L of air for a 25 mm filter or 2,799 L of air for a 37 mm filter is collected for any of the inside samples, or the arithmetic mean concentration of structures per square millimeter of filter is greater than 70 s/mm These will be designated asbestos structures and will be classified as fibers, bundles, clusters, or matrices. This can be achieved by using a carbon-coated grid on which a thin film of gold has been sputtered or evaporated. g. Signature of laboratory official to indicate that the laboratory met specifications of the method. 2. Remove the slide to a clean, dry, covered petri dish. The objective is to produce an intact carbon film containing the particulates from the filter surface which is sufficiently clear for TEM analysis. 2 in an area of 0.057 mm 243/Tuesday, December 19, 1995 / Rules and Regulations 65243: Asbestos NESHAP Clarification Regarding Analysis of Multi-Layered Systems, NIST Technical Note 1297, 1994 Edition, Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results, U.S. EPA Interim Transmission Electron Microscopy Analytical Methods Mandatory and Nonmandatory and Mandatory Section to Determine Completion of Response Actions, Appendix A to Subpart E, 40 CFR 763, October 30, 1987, U.S. EPA Guidelines for Conducting AHERA TEM Clearance Test to Determine Completion of an Asbestos Abatement Project (EPA 560/5-89-001, May 1989), EPA Asbestos Laws and Regulations web page. c. Mixed Cellulose Ester (MCE) preparation method - acetone or the Burdette procedure (Ref. The following sequence is outlined to minimize the number of analyses needed to reach a decision. (1) If fibers, bundles, clusters, and/or matrices are found, list them in consecutive numerical order, starting over with each field. Examples of this include when sampling records indicate that: While all these cases arepossible, it is not what usually happens on a project. 2. 2, analyze the outside samples and perform the Z-test. Part 1 Asbestos and Lead Restriction VERIFICATION All newly-installed building materials meet the following materials composition requirements: a. b. TEM specimen preparation from polycarbonate (PC) filters. Ensure that the sampler is turned upright before interrupting the pump flow. Locate the ambient samplers at least 3 ft apart and protect them from adverse weather conditions. <>/Metadata 113 0 R/ViewerPreferences 114 0 R>> a. TEM Grid Opening Area measurement must be done as follows: i. Make periodic performance checks of magnification, electron diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray systems as set forth in Table III under Unit II.I. b. a. If the film is too thin, large particles will be lost from the TEM specimen, and there will be few complete and undamaged grid openings on the specimen. (7) If an electron diffraction was attempted and an appropriate spectra is not observed, N should be recorded on the count sheet. iii. An average camera constant using multiple gold rings can be determined. 2 for no more than one single preparation for that same area. 3 analytical sensitivity. 6. Label the slide with a water and solvent-proof marking pen. After any maintenance of the microscope that involved adjustment of the power supplied to the lenses or the high-voltage system or the mechanical disassembly of the electron optical column apart from filament exchange, the magnification must be recalibrated. 13. >$H`_5$fsSS:f\^2?2E>nKv9^!DT+m&X+ ank 2F1 {2q]U/(]8Jl5ifD]\mrH`B`O})RsROpx'icCc:is7 Open a loaded cassette momentarily at one of the outdoor sampling sites when sampling is initiated. The following Table I specifies volume ranges to be used: 20. In addition, state and local agencies may have more stringent standards than those required by the Federal government. 10 Surgical Blades. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. The sample air volumes normally required to measure these levels are at least 3,850 liters for each sample analyzed by PCM and at least 1,200 liters for each sample analyzed by TEM. The indoor and outdoor samples shall be taken during the same time period. 2 of filter must be examined on blank filters. e. Prepare multiple grids for each sample. A thin film of gold is evaporated on the specimen TEM grid to obtain zone-axis ED patterns superimposed with a ring pattern from the polycrystalline gold film. 2. 10. b. Tweezers. These will be designated asbestos structures and will be classified as fibers, bundles, clusters, or matrices. Choose the appropriate magnification (15,000 to 20,000X screen magnification). Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement System. These plans are required to document the recommended asbestos response actions, the location of the asbestos within the school, and any action taken to repair and remove the material. b. Carry a sealed blank into the field with each sample series. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. i. This can be accomplished on the TEM at a properly calibrated low magnification or on an optical microscope at a magnification of approximately 400X by using an eyepiece fitted with a scale that has been calibrated against a stage micrometer. Measure 20 grid openings on each of 20 random 200-mesh copper grids by placing a grid on a glass and examining it under the PCM. Electrical outlets in the abatement area may be used if available. EPA reasons that an asbestos removal contractor cannot be expected to clean an abatement area to an airborne asbestos concentration that is lower than the concentration of air entering the abatement area from outdoors or from other parts of the building. Epa 560-5-89-001ahera Tem Clearance Test Near the entrance to each ambient area. 2 for any single preparation for that same area. Undissolved filter medium also compromises the ability to obtain ED patterns. Preparation areas for air samples must be separated from preparation areas for bulk samples. A minimum of five samples per ambient area positioned at locations representative of the air entering the abatement site. 4. 2. 4. TEM specimen preparation from polycarbonate filters. The analyst can place several such strips on the same microscope slide, taking care to rinse and wet-wipe the scalpel blade and tweezers before handling a new sample. Because the test is sensitive, it may be influenced by a variety of factors. One fan shall be used for each 10,000 ft Accordingly, a series of control checks and reference standards are to be performed along with the sample analysis as indicators that the materials used are adequate and the operations are within acceptable limits. Fundamental material safety | WELL Standard - wellcertified.com i. 4. j. f. Store the three grids to be measured in appropriately labeled grid holders or polyethylene capsules. 2. g. Transfer the slide to a rotating stage inside the bell jar of a vacuum evaporator. (See Reference 1 of Unit III.L.). Insufficient etching will result in a failure to expose embedded filters, and too much etching may result in loss of particulate from the surface. If no such outlets are available, the equipment must be supplied with electricity by the use of extension cords and strip plug units. b. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS Cons., Ltd., Clark, T., PEI Assoc., Standard Operating Procedure for Determination of Airborne Asbestos Fibers by Transmission Electron Microscopy Using Polycarbonate Membrane Filters, WERL SOP 87-1, March 5, 1987. ii. f. Plasma etching of the collapsed filter is required. NIST Handbook 150:2020, NVLAP Procedures and General Requirements; Lab Bulletin LB-140-2021: Update to NVLAP accreditation documents for Dosimetry and Asbestos laboratories; . EPA recommends that the non-mandatory method be employed for analyzing air filters; however, the laboratory may choose to employ the mandatory method. stream This is used to etch the surface of collapsed mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filters. The filter strips should be identified by etching the glass slide or marking the slide using a marker insoluble in water and solvents. The indoor and outdoor samples shall be taken during the same time period. a. Specimen preparation laboratory. Define a field of view on the fluorescent screen either by markings or physical boundaries. Note the condition of the shipping package and data written on it upon receipt. State of Georgia government websites and email systems use georgia.gov or ga.gov at the end of the address. The presence of undissolved filter medium on the TEM preparation leads to partial or complete obscuration of areas of the sample, and fibers that may be present in these areas of the specimen will be overlooked; this will lead to a low result. Assemble the sampling system with a representative filter (not the filter which will be used in sampling) before and after the sampling operation. The camera length of the TEM in ED operating mode must be calibrated before ED patterns on unknown samples are observed. Final report}, author = {Chesson, J and Leczynski, B and Berner, T and Hudson, T}, abstractNote = {Asbestos abatement carried out in schools is subject to regulations under . 3. Note the condition of the filter at the conclusion of sampling. Carefully record all data as they are being collected, and check for accuracy. Removal of these materials is not usually necessary unless the material is severely damaged or will be disturbed by a building demolition or renovation project. Post Asbestos Abatement Clearance and Air Sampling, All sampling periods started and stopped on the hour, All sampling periodsstarted and stopped at the same time, All sample flow rates were even numbersand were the samefrom pump to pumpand from day to day. Position ambient samplers at locations representative of the air entering the abatement site. c. Select sampling sites in the abatement area on a random basis to provide unbiased and representative samples. %PDF-1.7 3. This article will address. The pump exhausts should be kept free. 2 0 obj d. Check the sampling system for leaks with the end cap still in place and the pump operating before initiating sample collection. Asbestos and School Buildings | US EPA ii. Quality control and quality assurance steps are needed to identify problem areas and isolate the cause of the contamination (see Reference 5 of Unit III.L.). j. 2 in an area of 0.057 s/mm All documentation of compliance should be retained indefinitely to provide a guarantee of quality. The magnification at the fluorescent screen of the TEM must be calibrated at the grid opening magnification (if used) and also at the magnification used for fiber counting. The school must make the plan available for inspection within five working days of it being requested. If the TEM is equipped with EDXA it must either have a STEM attachment or be capable of producing a spot less than 250 nm in diameter at crossover. Analytical sensitivity - Airborne asbestos concentration represented by each fiber counted under the electron microscope. To minimize any problems in this area, all equipment such as fans and pumps should be carefully wet wiped prior to removal from the abatement area. 2 have been exceeded for a particular sample. 2 0 obj 9. A summary of Sample Data Quality Objectives is shown in the following Table II: Ship bulk samples to the analytical laboratory in a separate container from air samples. The exposed fiber must meet the fiber definition. i. Field (grid opening): List field number. The person breaking the chain-of-custody seal and itemizing the contents assumes responsibility for the shipment and signs documents accordingly. 2. iv. The AHERA regulations require public school districts and non-profit schools to: Public school districts and non-profit schools are required to develop, maintain and update asbestos management plans and to keep a copy at each individual schools. ii. Conduct final clearance sampling only after the primary containment barriers have been removed; the abatement area has been thoroughly dried; and, it has passed visual inspection tests by qualified personnel. For this method the filter background level is defined as 70 structures/mm Cover the dish. i. qkbRrb!hHB9-m4l.ey m WpDV3Rl>K$em09.~3}v8mTtI ?&.qXv C}sS\NouYc%`Q B& dhVc The rods are installed in the evaporator in such a manner that the points are approximately 10 to 12 cm from the surface of a microscope slide held in the rotating and tilting device. 2 concentration, the fact that they are not asbestos must be confirmed by EDXA or measurement of a zone axis diffraction pattern. 2. Aspect ratio - A ratio of the length to the width of a particle. Prepare multiple grids of each sample. If carbon-coated grids are used, the filter should be placed carbon-coated side down. Maintain a log of all pertinent sampling information. ii. Method 2A: Direct Measurement of Gas Volume Through Pipes and Small Ducts. 8. The filter strip can be held with fine-point tweezers and supported underneath by the scalpel blade during placement on the microscope slide. 7. 3. Orient the cassette downward at approximately 45 degrees from the horizontal. A structure composed of three or more fibers in a parallel arrangement with each fiber closer than one fiber diameter. 2, the response action is complete and no further analysis is needed. Use a calibrated graticule to measure the average field diameters. Limits of Detection for this method are required to be <0.0050 s/cc. a. Calibrate the sampling pump over the range of flow rates and loads anticipated for the monitoring period with this flow measuring device in series. Additional information may be gained by other control tests. Calculate the true magnification (M) on the fluorescent screen: c. Calibration of the EDXA System. Direct preparation techniques are required. Microscope settings: 80-120 kV, grid assessment 250-1,000X, then 15,000-20,000X screen magnification for analysis. AHERA: Results Interpretation. h. Report form must contain official laboratory identification (e.g., letterhead). The EPA/AHERA regulatory clearance level for asbestos abatement projects in K-12 schools depends on the analysis type. 1. Define a field of view on the fluorescent screen either by markings or physical boundaries. 19. 5. v. If the grid is acceptable, continue on to Step 6 if mapping is to be used; otherwise proceed to Step 7. i. Set the TEM to the low magnification mode. Because the test is sensitive, it may be influenced by a variety of factors. Optical microscopy utilizing manual or automated procedures may be used providing instrument calibration can be verified. JavaScript appears to be disabled on this computer. If the grid is rejected, load the next sample grid. Plasma etching of the collapsed filter is required. Fiber or fibers with one end free and the other end embedded in or hidden by a particulate. AHERA stipulates that, for PCM clearance, each sample result must be less than 0.01 fibers per cubic centimeter (f/cm). The cassette will then be archived for a period of 30 days or returned to the client upon request. Outside means outside the abatement area, but not necessarily outside the building. Adhere to the following procedures to ensure both the continued chain-of-custody and the accountability of all samples passing through the laboratory: a. Method No. Those inexperienced laboratories wishing to develop capabilities may acquire necessary knowledge through analysis of appropriate standards and by following detailed methods as described in References 8 and 10 of Unit III.L. Air filtration units shall remain on during the air monitoring period. The strip of polycarbonate filter is separated from the corresponding strip of backing filter and carefully placed so that it bridges the gap between the adhesive tape strips on the microscope slide. Wait 2 to 4 minutes for the sample filter to fuse and clear. On most microscopes, however, the magnification is substantially constant only within the central 8-10 cm diameter region of the fluorescent screen. 2, analyze the three blanks. Perform a leak check of the sampling system at each indoor and outdoor sampling site by activating the pump with the closed sampling cassette in line. Maintain a cumulative average of these results. Any flow indicates a leak which must be eliminated before initiating the sampling operation.
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