Moving up to the foredeck, the decks are diamond pattern nonskid with stainless railings and cleats including bow, stern and double midship. Occasional guests can draw the curtain and sleep on the convertible queen lounge. A comparison of performance charts proves it time and again. Generators and air-conditioners are mandatory, if not standard. Sale includes original owners manuals. Equipped with twin 500 Volvo Penta IPS diesel engines, the Tiara Sovran is a true powerhouse on the water, with a top speed of up to 25 knots. Hello, I live in Bellevue Washington, and recently purchased a 2015 4500 Sovran. Pod drives dont just outperform conventional inboard power; they also require less engine-room space. In 2008 there were some factory changes too, that separate her from 2007 and earlier models. becnme Deck Hand. I know, I know. Another OptionFormula 45 Yacht A VacuFlush head system is standard, though a macerator is not; those able to discharge legally will want to invest the $1,300. Many products featured on this site were editorially chosen. The adjustable-angle wheel and sliding seat leave plenty of room for the helmsman who wants to stand occasionally. Step aft and youve got a large swim platform, perfect for hot summer days. Prelimiary ListingMore Info ComingCall Now 2007 Tiara 4300 Sovran Preliminary Listing More coming soon! Check out the expansive helm area and the adjacent cockpit in the V375. Tiara Yachts Holland, Michigan; 616-392-7163;tiarayachts.com. Most builders are creating ways to allow more sun belowdecks. 2007 Tiara 4300 Sovran IPS600 is the same 5.5 liter engines as is the new (from 2020) IPS650 480hp. Theyre smaller boats, despite their length-based model designations. Id watch the game on the flat-panel TV here, maybe play cards with a few buds, while the crew viewed the salons giant jack-in-the-box screen. The Corian countertop is nicely finished on the edges to prevent impact injuries, and includes well-cut covers for the recessed stainless steel sinks and the two-burner ceramic top range. The Tiara 4300 Sovran combines the social aspects of an express cruiser with motor yacht amenities, comfort and style. Tiara goes a step further, flowing all that natural light through the boat. Many products featured on this site were editorially chosen. The cabin is larger that you might expect on a boat this size, and the teak and Corian finish are first-class. A pair of movable mahogany club chairs and an L-shaped settee provide the casually formal seating you need when you invite a business associate aboard. If you select the optional air-conditioning for the bridgedeck, part of the airflow is directed through vents onto the inside of the tall, sturdily-built forward windshield. "The Tiara 4300 Sovran is an entry-level IPS boat from a high-end manufacturer. From its racy, low-slung profile to its almost sportscarlike helm station with chrome-on-black wheel, the 360 oozes performance and backs it up with as much as 860 hp. Tiara marketed the air conditioning as one element in a cockpit entertainment center, a kind of outdoor saloon in addition to the enclosed, traditional seating area. Five oversize portlights, two fixed skylights, a D-shaped deck hatch forward, and the light radiating through the acrylic companionway hatch ensure a bright feel. Up two molded steps on either side, the foredeck is easily accessed by walkable side decks protected by stout side rails and grab rails all along the length of the deck. This is a meeting place for Tiara Yacht Owners. It doesnt offer the hardtop and solid glass enclosure you get with the 3500 Sovran, so youll have to deal with canvas. I need to make a mold from an existing cover. 2011 39' Tiara Sovran 3900 for Sale - SYS Yacht Sales With all of this going for her, she won't last long. The master stateroom, the only carpeted area aboard my test boat, features a king berth, easy chair, and fixed hull window. 2009 Tiara 3500 Sovran. A transom door leads to an ex- tended swim platform with freshwater shower. With large staterooms (the master featuring a queen-size bed), a flatscreen-equipped salon thats big enough to dance in, a galley that includes an upright refrigerator/ freezer and even an optional washer/dryer, the Cantius is equipped for life aboard. 37 Feet: Four Winns V375 Contact: Bayliner Knoxville, Tennessee; 360- 435-8957; bayliner.com. Tiara backs their work with a limited five-year transferable warranty on hull, deck and cockpit, but it is their commitment to build the best yachts available that has helped the Slikkers family and all of their employees gain a reputation that is the envy of several generations of boatbuilders and owners. Several inches of water stood in my testers bilge. There were twin Volvos, joysticks, very easy to operate, very efficient.. Specs Let us know here. While quite a few boats built by Tiara are listed for brokerage as Sovran models, not all of them actually are, Charleson says. Sit in one of two monstrous, electrically adjustable leather helm chairs. Notable features include but are not limited to the following: Air-Conditioning & Heat (4-Units) w/Cockpit AC/Heat, (2) Heads (Vacuflush) w/Vanity/Sink/Stall-Shower, Teak-Holley Cabin Sole, Onan E-Series 11.5kw Generator (171-Hours), Raymarine Electronics Package (Raymarine VHF Marine Radio, Raymarine Sum-Log w/Depth/Speed, 2-Raymarine E-120 Display's for Radar/GPS/Chartplotter, Raymarine Autopilot), Premium Sound System w/iPod/MP3-Connection w/Helm Control, Factory Hardtop w/White Stamoid Rear Canvas, Bow-Thruster, Snap-in Snap-out Cockpit Carpeting, and MUCH more! The first boat built specifically to take Volvo's new front-facing IPS drives, the Tiara Sovran 4000 gains space and agility. Youll also want to demo Sea Rays 340 Sundancer ($304,634 with twin 375-hp MerCruiser 496 MAG DTS Seacore Bravo Three gasoline stern drives). LOA: 3210 (w/o swim platform) Beam: 107 Displacement (lb. Two big blowers, though not required on diesel-powered boats, will keep the engine room cooler, which will subsequently keep the cabin cooler. ): 8,056 Fuel Capacity: 89 gal. Its extremely well-equipped, Charleson says, first excited, and then with a sigh, knowing he wont be able to complete the thought the same way ever again: Shes a new 4500 Sovran that we have in inventory.. Galley design often sacrifices useful ideas for solutions that reflect ease of production and assembly. Max Horsepower: 380 Range at Cruising Speed: 142 nm Berths: 6. Access to the engine compartment is through a hatch adjacent to the helm. Class Advantage: True privacy belowdecks, thanks to twin, bulkhead-and-door staterooms and possibly even separate heads. Im a rightie, so I appreciated the joysticks position on the port side of the helm. D rings are located on the platform for tender tie downs. IPS engines are mounted aft, so the 3500 Sovrans engine room bulkhead is aft as well, providing for an aft cabin, which Tiara refers to as the theater. A yacht this size usually requires a typical straight-shaft drive system that pushes the engine placement well forward in the layout, but the new IPS system is so compact that it actually increases the available volume in the layout. The 44 Coupe moves the galley to the main deck along with the indoor seating area, all adjacent to the outdoor space with a wide saloon door that can be opened to connect them. All rights reserved. Yachting may receive financial compensation for products purchased through this site. The joystick, tab controls, and ignition switches reside beneath a teak hatch. This is not the case with the Sovran 4000. Having had a chance to put the Sovran 4000 through its paces, I can honestly say that I can't wait to see what's next. The Tiara 4300 Sovran (called the 4000 Sovran when she was introduced in 2006) was a game-changer in the boating industry, the first American boat to be designed exclusively for Volvos then newand soon to be revolutionaryIPS drive system. Because the IPS drives perform the steering function, there are no rudder heads and lever arms to inspect or maintain. Call Today! It has twin Raymarine E-series helm displays, and it also has the optional wood helm area. Each had her selling points, but the 4300 Sovran was the build that made Tiara a dominant brand. Another OptionTiara 3900 Sovran As is the case on other Sovran models, the 3600s topsides are convex, which increases usable space in the interior. Call or stop by the Marblehead, Ohio location for all the details. And theres a handy, full-length spice rack that runs behind the countertops so you can reach your curry in a hurry. A gelcoat outer layer, high performance tie coat quad axial fiberglass, balsa core, epoxy resin, and gelcoat outer layer, vacuum bag technology lay the ground work for a yacht that's unsurpassed in quality and simple quiet elegance. That engine room must be more cramped than a tanning bed. Well, take a look: You can easily walk between and around the 5800 Sovrans engines. Many products featured on this site were editorially chosen. Queen bed forward and twin berths aft or use the filler cushion makes it another queen. Still, Tiara has used exterior space wisely and creatively. This is the Tiara way-and it works. The galley area has a cooktop, a microwave and dual-voltage refrigeration. In a LLC and Loaded with all the options you would want or need for California coastal cruising. A curved, sliding Plexiglas door with a separate sliding screen slips beneath the helm console. The 43 Sovran is one of Tiaras best selling models ever. Descending the steps, I first spotted a solid teak cabin sole of handlaid planks. 2008 Tiara 4300 SOVRAN, One of the most sought after Tiara Yachts ever built! Compared with past Tiara products, she is smoother, softer and more graceful. With some throttle, the 3600 responded quickly, reaching maximum speed in less than 20 seconds. Tiara Sovran 4000 | Yachting Mag We know the boat since ordered, know the custom options requested when ordered, and know where it's been.not far. The helm station has been upgraded with the black and gray instead of the vanilla white, and the boat also has the upgraded blue hull., Johnny Wise, HMY Yacht Sales; www.hmy.com, There are 18 on the market in the United States. Take your hands off the wheel and the IPS units will hold the last adjustment, which can mean relief from constantly dialing in minor course corrections, as is necessary in some conditions. Few boats its size and type can match this efficiency. 4 683. The modified deep-V hull has a deadrise at transom close to 18 degrees, and the entry is comparably sharp. A portside navigation area has a covered chart flat and drink holders. A microwave resides behind the locker door atop the fridge. This name arises as much from the aft cabins layout as from what Tiara believes is the 3500 Sovrans primary mission: partying a crowd, dining four to six, and sleeping the owners for the weekend. Any takers?). The hardtop is fully integrated into the windshield. is a cockpit sink with a refrigerator beneath. And is the best offering available today; compared to the very few available.FRESHWATER too. Today, at Galati Yacht Sales in Destin, Fla., Yachting, along with its sister publications Motor Boating and SaltWater Sportsman, would have the privilege to take an exclusive first look at their offspring. This stunning vessel boasts a sleek and modern design, with a spacious and well-appointed interior that will keep you and your guests comfortable on longer trips. Tiara Yachts 4300 Sovran boats for sale - Boat Trader 23 64 Last Post by: anthonykelv6. 2023 Freshwater Boat and Gear Buyers Guide. Tiaras signature charcoal-gray (non-glare) helm design remains the same for 2004, although our test boat was finished in an optional blue. For these reason and the custom upgrades, like additional cleats, upgraded Invertor, Macerator added in case boat foes to salt and added resale value, wash-down in anchor, stainless handrails, etc. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Max Horsepower: 850 Range at Cruising Speed: 213 nm Berths: 6, Price: $836,029 (with twin 364 hp Cummins-MerCruiser QSB 380 Zeus). During our sea trial, with the 3600 fully loaded with fuel and water, I recorded a maximum speed of 29.9 knots. Tiara Yachts 3600 Sovran boats for sale - Boat Trader Both give excellent access to the engines for routine fluid checks, but when the larger hatch is raised, you get a sense of the space available around all sides of the engines and drives for maintenance or repair. An L-shape lounge/dinette to starboard converts to a double berth, and a settee to port converts to upper-and-lower berths. dave@lynchconboy.com. Heres what they each had to say about the model and what it has to offer on the brokerage market. That brings sleeping capacity to six, although in this size range, a couple (and maybe the kids) would truly be most comfortable for a weekend. Posts: 10 Threads: 4 Likes Given: 0 The galleys location beneath the windshield makes it an atrium. Boaters now want layouts that combine the indoors and outdoors instead of separating them. Most of all, theyll find that an open layout like the Sundancers makes the boat more livable than one that has been cut up into separate cabins. The forward one has 7 of headroom and access to the day head with its tile floor, book-matched cabinetry, and stall shower. 2004 5200 Sovran Salon Swim platform water infiltration and molding repair Headroom is roughly 6 feet, 7 inches in the main saloon; following the S-curve traffic pattern through the galley on the port side and back to the guest stateroom, I found the same excellent headroom carries into its entrance area and continues into the private wet head aft. A freshwater washdown tap is handy for cleaning up, and a 120-volt AC outlet would be useful for plugging in an electric barbecue. 225 hrs, Flag Blue Hull Color, Refrigerated for helm wet bar, upper cockpit cool helm air conditioning ( 26,000 BTU), Clarion 6 disc changer, Joystick . 201 Hours. The three stateroom layout provides sleeping for up to 7 people, in air conditioned comfort. Step up to optional bulkheaded staterooms for added privacy. A Class of One? The layout in the aft cockpit is not unlike that which has succeeded in the rest of the Sovran series, with a couple of notable exceptions. The owner of the particular boat I have has moved down into this one from a 90-foot Hargrave to a 64-foot Hatteras MY to this 43-foot Tiara. No doubt, cruisers in this size category begin incorporating some seriously luxurious characteristics. 3/2016 Bottom Paint, Props tuned and painted. The Bayliner 285 SB will tote 28 gallons of water. Gotta Have: Electric grill in the wet bar makes your boat party central. a finer, more seakindly entry.. Having had a chance to put the Sovran 4000 through its paces, I can honestly say that I cant wait to see whats next. While hardtop express designs go back to the 1950s, they fell from favor in the sun-crazed 1970s. A removable drop down dining table is located in this area as well, that converts to a large sunpad. Not long after, Tiara reportedthat more than 200 hulls of the 4300 Sovran had been builtin the shortest timeframe of any line in the builders history. Two sets of table legs, of teak-covered stainless steel, are stored in a special compartment beneath the cabin sole. If your looking for and excellent boat with two staterooms and two heads this is one you want to take a look at.Volvos IPS 600 / 435hpWater MakerOil Change SystemFull Electronics. 3/2016 Bottom Paint, Props tuned and painted. So nice I put it in the main showroom Trades Considered, 2006 Tiara Yachts 4300 Sovran New to Market!This 2006 43' Tiara Sovran is the ultimate pleasure/cruising boat. Pride of ownership is evidentbilge showed extremely clean, upholstery / soft-goods all showing in excellent condition, very nicely outfitted / equipped. With sleepingaccomodations for 6 persons in the 2stateroomsplus the convertible dinette, Never Enough is the prefect family cruiser. She isa northern Lake Michigan fresh water only boat that isliterally like new and has always been meticulously cared for. As an aside, IPS propsets arent so heavy that a man with a snorkel couldnt change them single-handed. The lounge features a folding birds eye map teak table which converts to birth increasing sleeping accommodations to six. The V375s standard deck plan offers curtained enclosures. \"Out of Control\" has very low hours on her Volvo engines and the interior is extremely clean. 2007 Tiara 4300 Sovran with twin Volvo IPS 500's, only 340 hours. And at the dock, where a 3-knot current was running, the much-heralded IPS joystick allowed me to twirl, sidestep, and pause with the precision of Fred and Ginger dancing the tango. Wiring support and equipment labeling are superlative. In fact, its one the 3500 Sovrans power options (twin 375-hp, $334,000). Falveys Rule states that if speed in mph is greater than fuel consumption in gph, at any given rpm, the cruiser is efficient at that speed. Inquire today for more information! If you want a 35 express that adheres to the rule throughout its entire cruising range, grab the helm of Tiaras 3500 Sovran. To achieve these results, Tiaras designers and engineers capitalized on the lessons learned from 25 years of building high-quality open and express yachts that are universally well regarded for their handling and performance. The Tiara 3500 Sovran is the benchmark of its class. Equipped with Cummins 450Cs, air conditioning and a generator, the 3600 is priced at $368,048. All rights reserved. A tongue-and-groove teak sole is standard, while a teak-and-holly sole is a $1,150 option. Opposite to stbd. Technically speaking, there werent supposed to be any new-for-2015 hulls, but this particular Tiara 45 Sovranended up being built after all, following what can only be described as begging. 2006 Tiara 4000 Sovran Diagnosed with breast cancer, Rebecca Scalera formed The Cancer Couch Foundation to raise money for research Ryan McVinney reviews the 48 LS, the biggest outboard powered boat Tiara has ever built. This offsets all the weight of the engines and IPS drives moved further aft, and it also helps keep the center of gravity aft. A Bonnier LLC Company. Sea Ray? Crank the wheel hard over and the Sovran 4000 banks perfectly into the turn, carving a circle much smaller and quicker than a similarly sized, traditionally powered cruiser makes, and will accomplish it without the usual loss of speed or stern-sliding (typical of yachts that suffer from cavitation in turns). I had a hard time making comparisons with the 3500 Sovran, primarily because of its wide beam. LOA: 287 Beam: 911 Displacement (lb. A full canvas aft enclosure is available for storage.Stepping up and through the eisenglass divider is the upper cockpit with an L shaped white upholstered settee with a round pedestal table to port. Of course, theres room to carry a dinghy for that purpose. ): 19,500 Fuel Capacity: 280 gal. You can still get the familiar stern-drives in this size range, although it is on the cusp of the size for which pod-drives and joystick controls become common. Find Tiara Yachts Sovran 3900 boats for sale near you, including boat prices, photos, and more. Theres good room available for anchor-handling duties, plus a recess on the cabin top for a forward sunpad. Wipers and washers are standard, and the tempered-glass side windows are an improvement over the isinglass inserts on earlier models. Cooling Systems have been can you please leave gone through with with new heat exchanger and after coolers installed 7/16. Regals 42 also offers goodies like an electric sunroof and a walk-through from helm to foredeck. Vessel Info: 2015 Tiara Sovran 4500 #1. Barry Lipoff, Crown International Yacht Sales; www.crownyachtsales.com, We have sold three 4300 Sovrans in the last eight to nine months. Though she is somewhat conservative by European standards, her lines can be traced to a theme that has pleased American yachtsmen for five decades. Two boats are better than one. The Portofino is also offered in either open or hardtop versions. For over four decades Tiara has been pursuing the ultimate goal of perfection when it comes to building yachts. A second joystick, your cockpit wing station, provides extra flexibility. In this community, we discuss cruising, mechanical issues, gatherings, and we make a lot of friends. Its bringing the outside in and the inside out.. While flare is typically employed to control spray, we found our convex section design just as effective, Garland said. n. Contact: Tiara Yachts, (866) 833-3714; www.tiarayachts.com. The large Aft deck with the electric sun shade increases the livability and . Let us know who you are and what kind of Tiara Yacht you have. 2007 Tiara 4300 Sovran 3/2017 Fully Serviced Including Fluids, Batteries and IPS Drives. For confirmation, glance belowdecks. The emphasis is on comfort with more volume devoted to interior accommodations, compared with the builder's Open series. Author's Statistic: Posts: 10 Threads: 4 Likes Given: 0 Likes Received: 0 in 0 posts Joined: Jul 2013 Home Port: Fort Myers, FL Vessel Info: 2006 36 Sovran. Talk about engine maintenance, electrical, plumbing, winterization, spring commissioning and every thing in between. An enclosed head/shower adjacent to the entryway is convenient to the bridge. A hot/cold freshwater transom shower is standard. Class Advantage: Many stay within a beam of 8 feet 6 inches, and a 28-foot cruiser is still small enough to tow with a full-size vehicle. Interestingly, IPS for gas engines is just coming out. When I tested it, the 340 Sundancer adhered to Falveys Rule at speeds between 24 and 36 mph. The builders latest model, the Sovran 3600, proves it knows what its doing. Though we kicked up a little spray while slogging through the inlet, the 3600 was relatively dry at speed, even when I applied a bit of tab and dropped her nose to soften head seas. Motor Yachts. The fact that Tiara is the champion of this new future is in keeping with its four-plus decades of boatbuilding experience. Discussion of AC's, plumbing and sanitation related issues. They hold their value fairly well, but theyre certainly 30 to 40 percent cheaper than a newer version so its a boat thats maintaining its value. When I turn around to back in the boat, I find it easier to manipulate a joystick with my favored hand. Tank levels are checked, wipers set to wiping, and sunroof or electric windows slid open via the touchscreen controls Tiara builds in-house. To view more yacht details, visit https://sysyachtsales.com/yachts-and-boats-for-sale/2011-tiara-39-sovran-3900-out-of-control/vid-2766164/userid-80013 2009 Tiara 3500 Sovran "Triple Treasure" is a beautifully kept and low houred 2009 35' Tiara Sovran, Powered by the very reliable Volvo IPS D-4 400 Diesels with approx. 2009 Tiara 4300 Sovran Another thing: The 43 has a dedicated air conditioner right there at the helm, so living in Florida in the summertime cruising with this boat, youre very comfortable. The helm deck is forward and up two steps part of the salon, yet distinct. New 39 Sovran owner - Tiara Yacht - YachtForums A vinylester skin coat is used below the waterline to reduce the chance of blistering. Great Electronics PackageSat TV Thats not to say that Charleson thinks the last new 4500 Sovran on planet Earth wont find a buyer; in fact, he thinks shell sell fast, given that shes ready to go home with a buyer today. In Boating tests when equipped with twin 300 hp Volvo Penta IPS pods, it achieved a cruising speed of 28.7 mph with excellent 1.36 mpg fuel economy. ): 27,205 Fuel Capacity: 285 gal. Theyve heard all about the driving and docking capabilities and they just want to make it easier., Jeff Stanley, Gilman Yachts; www.gilmanyachts.com, The Tiara 4300 Sovran is an entry-level IPS boat from a high-end manufacturer. SHROUD.pdf. Specs Tiara Yachts 3500 Sovran US$259,000 * 35 ft / 2008 Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States Galati Yacht Sales Tampa Bay Request Info New Arrival Tiara Yachts 5800 Sovran US$625,000 * 58 ft / 2009 Cape Coral, Florida, United States Sale Pending Bay Marine-SW Florida One-click Contact Tiara Yachts Sovran 4000 US$291,420 * 45 ft / 2005 2007 Tiara 4300 Sovran, owner is looking to upgrade and ready to sell. This freshwater 43 Sovran has twin IPS Volvo 600's, Joystick command and a fullRaymarine electonics suite. We are here 6 days a week and by appointment on Sundays. IPS doesnt get enough credit for the way in which it enhances accommodations. Bayliners 285 pairs a slimmed-down forward berth with a convertible Corian-tabled dinette and makes the midcabin berth an actual stateroom, meaning a real bulkhead and door, not just a curtain. The 3600 is the smallest of the four models in Tiara's Sovran series, all express designs suited for cruising. A 15-inch flat-screen TV and home-theater sound system are standard. (Surely, a glacier would calve at a blast from the two Kahlenberg air horns.) Formula? This 2011 39' Tiara Sovran 3900 "Out of Control" for sale is a one owner vessel that has been lift kept and very well maintained. Seizing on this bonus, Tiaras design team has created their first-ever enclosed mid-cabin in a 40-foot yacht. $329,899. 500 QSC cummins Author's Statistic . All rights reserved. Our test boat was fitted with a pair of Cummins 450Cs. Industry people are welcome to introduce yourselves too! Cruisers in the 28-foot range offer adequate capacity for short trips, but generally not extended stays. In fact, Tiara encourages owner access. There is enough space on the platform to suit up, and an integral dive ladder folds away neatly into a covered pocket. Forward again is an electric bench helm seat with storage beneath, and helm station with navigational electronics and gauges, bow thruster control, air conditioning discharge, enclosed hard top with opening hatches and a tinted windshield. Companion seating is designed with a drop section and converts to an L-shape settee. This is a tangible asset for folks with well-defined leisure time, as crew morale will not wane when the weather turns and its time to run. You can sleep six, although aboard a boat this size, that amounts to turning a waterborne cottage into a dorm. That meant the engine room bulkhead, due to the length of the drive train, was at the companionway steps, allowing for only one stateroom. Whip the wheel quickly from side to side and the fly-by-wire steering translates your movement into an immediate change of direction without throwing guests and crew around in the cockpit. plus time tested placement of gauges, throttles and controls, ensure that being behind the helm is akin to a ride on cloud nine. The cabin sole is beautiful solid teak, and the bulkheads and cabinetry are teak as well. Discussion of batteries, chargers, wiring, generators, distribution panels, battery switches, etc. If your question is general in nature about a specific model, please post here. rinkerboats.com. For more information, contact: (866) 922-4877; www.yachtingnet.com/yachting/productinfo. Chine beams are wider for better stability, and the convex shape of the hullsides increases usable interior volume, which youll see in the main cabin.. Although there are plenty of other cruisers with nominally similar LOAs, most either displaced less-displacements a great way to compare interior volumes-or carried less beam. For instance, the 4300 Sovran had an open cockpit, but it could be cooled thanks to outdoor as well as indoor air conditioning32,000 Btu altogether, enough to keep guests cool even in the Bahamas during July. "Out of Control" has very l. Its a cabin with creature comforts exceeding the typical dark, cramped mid-cabins found on some boats and the pseudo-private accommodations found in the after ends of some open-plan yachts.
tiara sovran problems
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