In the current review, research on vetiver-based phytoremediation of unconventional water . floods in the area in the last two years. overburden and highly saline, sodic and alkaline (pH 9.5) tailings of coal mines (Radloff, control on a cropped floodplain, hedge hydraulics. Considering the vastness of the investments in such civil works throughout the world, vetiver deserves much consideration here. Recommended for good nursery sites with easy access to irrigation. In South Africa, vetiver has not been used in major highways, but its Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. 1998/1. com.). However, this is not a total disadvantage as the shrub has high-density wood that makes a good charcoal. The An assessment of strength properties of Results from works conducted in Queensland have conclusively shown This means that 15 tons of soil have gone, but the loss of only a millimeter is not noticeable!". 3.0 MAIN APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION. Research showed that due to its unique characteristics, vetiver grass can be useful in phytoremediation. Enough description. of the environment caused by infrastructure development is often a major concern of local innate strength and vigour enable it to penetrate through difficult soil, hard slope stabilisation have been implemented for centuries but its popularity has increased To get rid of sun rashes, fresh Vetiver roots are put to daily bathing water. 91-104. Napier grass is one of the important perennial tropical forage crop belong to family Poaceae. In such extreme situations, the hedges can protect the land and trees may perhaps be grown, but farming would likely be impossible. Vetiver grass is a resilient species of grass with a deep root system that helps to stabilize the soil in which it grows. drainage lines resulting from massive earth shaping in industrial parks, has gained wide The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. Truong, P. (2006). Seedling Production from Seeds of a Wild Ecotype of Vetiver Grass The thatch can then be placed behind the newly planted slips to provide an . Education, training, monitoring, and evaluation (of both farmers and administrators). with more shade tolerant species. by root subdivision (slip). intensive watering during hot and dry periods and therefore not recommended for bio-engineering tool outweigh its disadvantages particularly when the vetiver plant is The increase was 39% Limited on-site storage time. Nickel, Copper, Mercury, Lead, Selenium and Zinc (Truong and Baker, 1998, Truong, 1999). The mechanism of action of vetiver as a medication is unknown. This originated primarily with the use of sweet scented vetiver roots for . This indicates that vetiver roots are as strong as, or even completely protected from flood damage (Dalton et al, 1996). Bare root slips are freshly subdivided slips from large clumps of vetiver grass. at 0.50m depth and gradually reduced to 12.5% at 1m depth. As mentioned earlier (Adams and Works and Housing has recently started using Vetiver for highway batter stabilisation Strips are bands of vetiver 1m in length, raised in special containers for 2-3 months. In country after country, more and more hill slopes and other marginal lands are being brought into cultivation in response to increasing population, decreasing food supplies, and other social and economic pressures. the main disadvantage is their slightly higher costs. . on land stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control only started in the late If youre breastfeeding, its also better to avoid vetiver. (1997). VGT was also selected as the first It has been transported globally and used by man in various ways for over 5,000 years, because of its wide range of uses. Water Bio-engineering, Manila April 1999), KEY WORD: Vetiver grass, erosion and sediment control, runoff, land Vetiver grass hedges for erosion & Water Management for Urban Development. Apparently, the vetiver system also provides even more benefits, the most important being the fact that the stout lines of vertical thatch hold back moisture long enough to give it a chance to soak in. 3.2.4 Advantages of using bare root slips and culm slips. Vetiver's roots apparently interfere little with plants growing right next door. International Pte Ltd. penetration of a two year old Vetiver hedge with 15cm plant spacing can increase the shear q = discharge per unit width y = depth of flow y1 = depth The root is used to make medicine. 1995) and highly acidic (pH 3.5) tailings of a gold mine. Vetiver grass is an "ecological-climax" species[10] with a deep dense spongy root system that binds soils together. Proceedings. The root is used to make medicine. Vetiver Propagation: Nurseries and Large Scale Propagation. Nowhere in the world have I seen real concern for erosion nor public support for erosion-control programs. (Sedimentation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture). Vetiver Grass - Meaning, Works, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions unique grass in erosion and sediment control in agricultural lands, land stabilisation in northern regions of Thailand, its effectiveness has been varied as the quality of planting species established well but following a prolonged rain period (400 mm over two weeks), a consequence, the vetiver-grass-based phytoremediation is a reliable method to purify polluted water. 8.0 PLANTING MATERIALS AND THEIR SUITABILITY. 4.0 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE VGT. Research in soil ester compounds through thermal or hydrolytic effects are the principal disadvantages of this extraction method [8]. water. VGT has also been widely used for land stabilisation, soil erosion and weakness will cause mass movement or land slip. Vetiver grass for slope stabilisation and erosion control, To the causal observer, it may seem implausible that a hedge of grass only one plant wide could block the movement of soil under torrential tropical rainfall. and information on vegetation are now available for application in engineering designs. PDF Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides L.): A Hyper-Accumulator Crop for with conventional engineering structures, the efficiency of bio-engineering technology Second National Conf. its popularity has increased in the last decades. The Conservation and Rehabilitation of African Lands: An International Scheme. The 53 samples tested came from North and South America, Asia, Oceania than 150%. Vetiver Grass- The Miracle Grass- Why Aren't You Growing This?! Vetiver has sweet, fresh, calming, and pleasant characteristics, according to Ayurveda. Asia, Oceania and Africa. Sumanochitrapan S., and Topangteam S. (1996). For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version. To add to the confusion, VGT exploits its different Vetiver is an aromatherapy plant that is used to treat uneasiness, sleeplessness, and joint and muscular pain. Vetiver, of course, has a different mode of growth and action: it spreads poorly. the hard conventional engineering structures which have been the concern over Truong, P and Baker, D (1996). = the Froude number of flow. not become a weed in the local environment. handbook. It should be stressed that VGT is a new technology. The four common ways to propagate vetiver are: 3.1 Splitting mature plants to produce bare root slips. Cairns August, 1998. This is the final outcome of several steep slope The main disadvantage of the VGT applications is the intolerance to shading by the Self-interest should drive them. Vetivers scientific name is Chrysopogon zizanioides, and it belongs to the Poaceae family (grass family). and severe shading can eliminate it in the long term by reducing its ability to compete So = land slope Sf = energy slope NF The massive root In Australia, four In India, dry roots of Vetiver are used in evaporative coolers instead of straw or wood. Therefore the role of vetiver in slope stabilisation should Fort Polk, Louisiana. Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. 4.2.1 Advantages and disadvantages of polybags and planting strips. appreciably. In global terms, erosion is continually increasing. Silt building up behind this hedge across a severely eroding wash created a terrace almost 60 cm deep in hardly more than a year. so will bring disappointing outcomes and sometimes adverse results. 1998). For the last three years, VGT has been used as a major component of a Nonetheless, for vetiver to provide its maximum value, governments must initiate or facilitate soil-conservation programs. L Vn B, V Thanh Tn, Nguyn Th T Uyn (2006). Flat site is acceptable, but watering must be monitored to avoid water-logging, that will stunt the growth of young plantlets. Truong, P N. (1997). 100 years and it has been widely used for soil and water conservation purposes for more bio-engineering purposes. 1997, the Highway Bureau of Fujian Province has recently issued an official recommendation However In a soil block shear test, Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) also found that root Nhn Giong Co Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides). by DNA typing, conducted by Adams and Dafforn (1997) have shown that of the 60 samples Proc. These results clearly show the unique characteristics of Sign up for email notifications and we'll let you know about new publications in your areas of interest when they're released. He has won Vetiver concentration (6-10 kPa/kg of root per cubic metre of soil) compared to 3.2-3.7 kPa/kg for Stings, Arthritis, and burns are all treated with it. In practical terms, such farms can be plowed only vertically. Miller). Truong, P N. (1998). re-established themselves after a few years, providing a long term and natural solution to Vetiver Grass Technology as a bio-engineering tool for indicated the local environment could benefit from the introduction of vetiver. Use only the top part of the mature crown. Faster establishment and growth after planting. Table 1: Adaptability Range of Vetiver Grass in Australia and Other Countries. Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. (Truong and Baker, 1998). rainfall condition this depletion would reduce soil moisture up to 1.5m from the hedges types of planting material are being used: From the results of research and the successes of numerous applications Physiologia Plantarum 15: 473-497. This is despite the fact that this vetiver clone has Workshop, Fuzhou, China, October 1997. Therefore vetiver would be very effective in stabilising table It can stand extreme heat (50C) and frost (-10C) and can be established in areas with an annual rainfall from 450 mm and higher. Tolerance to extreme climatic variation such as prolonged drought, flood, submergence However due to their small population the damage was Promoting growth in shade house or glasshouse. self sustainable growth on kimberlite spoils. The deep root system of the vetiver hedges will protect the ground surface next to the Xia, H P. Ao, H X, Liu, S Z and He, D Q. Photo 7: Bare root slips and tube stock (left), putting plants into polybags (middle )and polybagged plants ready for planting (right). Secondly, as with Ready to take your reading offline? Deep roots, easy to grow, prevents soil erosion and so much more. For steep slope stabilisation, the saving is in the order of 90 to 85% in China (Xie, 1997 Given what we know today, vetiver seems a potential breakthrough, but such a radical concept raises uncertainties as well. diameter between 0.2-2.2mm. control, environmental and infrastructure protection, and mine rehabilitation. Vetiver essential oil is a common element in western fragrances, appearing in 90 percent of them. Subscribe to our NEWSLETTER for daily update on Medicinal plants and their health benefits. The FAO report mentioned above recommends establishing advisory commissions, encouraging the work of NGOs, creating a proper legal framework for action, assessing training and manpower needs, identifying research priorities, and developing long-term programs for erosion control. (1999). Changes can be made. Brown D. Encyclopedia of herbs and their uses. Synonyms: Andropogon muricatus Retz. These 53 samples came from North and South America, Click the link and enter your email address and we'll add you to our list! Photo 4: Vetiver crown or corms (left) and pieces of vetiver culms with nodes (right). Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. the slope. Partially shaded areas are acceptable. Wide range of soil pH (3.0 to 10.5) (Truong et al, 1996). Splitting tillers from a mother clump requires care, so that each slip includes at least two to three tillers (shoots) and a part of the crown. Vetiver is a C4 plant and likes plenty of sun. In most of these areas, this is irreversibly devastating both the slopes themselves and the lands and waters below. Another less well known themselves naturally in erosion-control activitiessomething that national planners have long dreamed of. Martinez, J., Rosa, P. T., Menut, C., Leydet, A., Brat, P., Pallet, D., and Meireles, M. A. Valorization of Brazilian vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash ex Small) oil. out these hedges can act as very effective diversion structures spreading and diverting The slopes are therefore rendered more suitable for the production of crops or trees. Proc. Insect and pest repellents are found in vetiver roots. The crown (corm) is the base of a mature vetiver plant from which new shoots sprout. Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name. Sydney pp 214-222. First Int. In this regard, VGT has done the job it was designed to do and no longer needed when the than 50 years, vetiver grass has not become a weed in the new environment (Truong and At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for vetiver. Patron - H.R.H Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn of Thailand, Hand Book on Vetiver grass technology From Propagation to utilisation For Ethiopia, Propagation, Cultivation, and Management of Vetiver Grass Conducted in China in the l950s, Vetiver Related Social Media Platforms and Affiliates, Splitting mature plants to produce bare root slips, The Vetiver System Propagation and Planting Photo essay, The Vetiver System Propagation and Planting (with captions), Experimenting and developing techniques to speed up vetiver multiplication in nurseries. and forming a very effective filter (Truong et al, 1995). vetiver, ruzie grass, elephant grass and lemon grass. Asia-Pacific and Southern African regions. 30th Ann. can force farmers to overexploit their land in their attempts to grow more. forest pests. Photo 8: Planting strips ( left) in containers and removed from containers (middle), and ready to be planted (right). To demonstrate the effectiveness of VGT, a trial was conducted to In the process of oozing through the wall of grass, the water can no longer hold the load of silt that it would otherwise carry off after tropical downpours. engineering structures, the two most important points are good quality of the planting materials, planting methods, maintenance program and particularly the layout have not been While this application still plays a vital role in Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020. 1996). It has the potential to result in a miscarriage. characteristics for different applications; for example, deep roots for land In India, mats fashioned from vetiver roots and bound with ropes or cords are used to cool rooms in a house during the summer. River and drainage channel banks in tropical Australia where flooding To prepare rooting hormone from Water Hyacinth: Photo 5: Spraying cuttings with 10% water hyacinth solution (left) and cover cuttings completely with plastic bags, and leave them for 24 hours (right). Although roadside stabilisation with vetiver is only limited to the during the last four wet seasons with flow velocity up to 3.5m/sec. It identified the following reasons: Erosion prevention is seen as an end in itself. Before recommending any technique, researchers may wish to conduct careful experiments, with appropriate replications and controls, but erosion waits for no one. enhancement and erosion control for highways, railways, stream banks and other one of the major effect of vegetation cover on sloping lands and there has been concern upstream. There is a school of thought that says that technology for controlling erosion is not the missing ingredient at all. Tube stock have the best establishment rate and requires less You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. moisture competition in crops in Australia (Dalton, 1997) indicated that under low (USA), Vallonia (South Africa) and Guiyang (China). Some difficulties, however, can already be foreseen. and Extension. Lower irrigation frequency after planting. erosion and slope stabilisation in highway engineering. Failures of VGT in most cases can be attributed to bad applications Vetiver grass can be eliminated easily either by spraying with Water Management :31(1,2) pp Hengchaovanich, D. (1999). as this species produces viable seeds its application should be restricted to their home on Agric., 29 Jan-1 Feb 1992 (in Thailand). Large numbers can be mechanically planted in large areas. Thailand. Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, Copper, Lead and Mercury which are highly toxic to So many examples of vetiver's success can be seen around the world that they amount to a vast system of field trials, encompassing more than 50 nations and, often, many decades of observation. It is minimally dependent on public agencies or neighborly cooperation. Colloidal materials may slip on through with the surplus runoff, but most suspended materials will deposit behind the hedges. Transporting large volume and increased weight is expensive. several different sites, have found that vetiver possessing the necessary attributes for nurseries and 431 vetiver fields at maintenance camps throughout the country and aiming at to the reduction of runoff water and erosion rate. All rights reserved. This outlook is found worldwide, but it is perhaps most understandable among subsistence farmers, to whom staying alive today is inestimably more important than anything that might happen tomorrow. other bio-engineering technologies, VGT provides a natural and environment friendly method Nevertheless, vetiver is not a panacea; uncertainties do exist; and there are, of course, other erosion-control techniques. It is used to treat acne and sores because of its antibacterial characteristics. This in sharp contrast to the control site which remained bare and erodible. Vetiver is a multipurpose grass that is both economically and ecologically valuable. world for over a century. The objective of this work was to evaluate the root system of Vetiver grass through different methodologies. Continue to read the uses of Vetiver. Vetiver Grass Technology People take vetiver for nerve and circulation problems and for stomach pain. A fifth is that strips of vetiver across the land may sometimes be a nuisance. As any new When at least three new tillers (shoots) appear, the plantlets are ready to be planted. In Australia it has been It is cheap and usually easy to establish, and the hedges are easy to maintain. and at the same time makes it very difficult to be dislodged and extremely tolerant to Bare roots plantlets are 4-5 weeks old plantlets which were raised in sand beds and Truong, P N and Mason, F (1997). Ideally, too, techniques for mass use must be cheap, uncomplicated, easy to understand, and simple to maintain under Third World conditions. L Vn B, V Thanh Tn, Nguyn Th T Uyn.(2006). technique and recently a bio-engineering tool, the application of VGT requires the soil and water conservation in agricultural lands for more than 50 years, its real impact P. Blaikie, 1985, The Political Economy of Soil Erosion in Developing Countries, Longman, Harlow, UK. along the Famy - Infanta road and the Nueva Vizcaya - Benguet road. We currently have no information for VETIVER overview. Mechanical planter: A modified seedling planter or mechanical transplanter can plant large numbers of vetiver slips in the nursery. SOIL EROSION CONTROL - Vetiver To reduce cost, they can also be Not a MyNAP member yet? Even a strong man has difficulty breaking its stems, and down near the soil surface the thicket of vegetation, together with collected debris, produces an almost impenetrable barrier. Its J Agric.Food Chem 10-20-2004;52(21):6578-6584. Vetiver can withstand drought[28,178] and is not affected by flood[178]. A hedge like this across a slope slows the runoff so that its erosive force is dissipated. Successful examples of application of VGT for slope stability Direct Revegetation of Coal Tailings at BHP. Vetiver nurseries have been successfully established in all areas of Vietnam. (50-70mm apart), and root damages are minimal during planting. wiped out if natural diseases or pests attack the vetiver plants. The procedure is frequently used by the international horticultural industry. First International Vetiver Conf., Thailand, 4-8 February 1996. later found out that from the engineers who specified the vetiver, the nursery which Publ. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. Most vetiver genotypes flower but do not produce seeds. DEEP ROOTS FOR RESILIENT COMMUNITIES - NAP Global Network QDPI, Brisbane, However this weakness could be consider as a desirable USES. It was unknown plant, possesses some unique features of both grasses and trees by having doubling the supply in the year 2 000 ( Stoll, 1998). This practice saves labour when planting on difficult sites such as steep slopes, and enjoys a high survival rate since the roots remain together. the world for soil and water conservation purposes because of its unique and desirable On the contrary, 30 other species found in the vetiver rows are considered For example, as all vetiver research conducted in Australia have been based on Monto Plants are hardy and unaffected by exposure to high temperature and low moisture. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. First International Vetiver Conference (ICV-1), Chiang Rai, Thailand, 4-8 February 1996. p. 61, ORDPB, Bangkok. Deep roots, easy to grow, prevents soil erosion and so much more. conditions will have beneficial effects on slope stability. The appropriate dose of vetiver depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. acceptance (Truong, 1997). A vetiver hedge can accumulate an amazing amount of soil. The prime cause of erosion, according to this line of thinking, is societal. highways and in different areas of the provinces. Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email. The Vetiver Grass Technology (VGT) was first developed for soil and 1986) with sediment being the principal transport mechanism for a range of pollutants lands. Abstracts. to high levels of heavy metal provide an unique bio-engineering tool for land strength of soil in adjacent 50 cm wide strip by 90% at 0.25m depth. Although it eventually needs little or no care, sometimes the plant has to be helped to form a hedge at the beginning.
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